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A consultation with Dr. Chirag Chamria begins with a comprehensive diagnosis using world-class equipment, ensuring precise identification and effective treatment of oral conditions such as cysts and tumours. Our specialized approach is designed to address these conditions with minimal discomfort, prioritizing your overall health and wellness. With over a decade of experience and a patient-centered approach, Dr. Chamria has earned a reputation as one of most trusted specialists in managing complex oral disorders. Take the first step toward optimal oral health and lasting relief—because your wellness deserves the very best care.
Tumours & Cyst
What are Head and Neck Tumours?
Head and neck tumours can develop in various parts such as the throat, mouth, nose, sinuses, salivary glands, and thyroid gland. These tumours can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Benign tumours are typically localized and do not spread to other parts of the body, while malignant tumours can invade nearby tissues and metastasize to distant organs.
Symptoms of Head and Neck Tumours
- Persistent sore throat or hoarseness
- Difficulty swallowing
- Lump or swelling in the neck
- Persistent nasal congestion or sinus pressure
- Persistent earache
- Unexplained weight loss
Early detection of these symptoms is crucial for timely diagnosis and treatment.
Diagnosis of Head and Neck Tumours
- Physical examination: This involves inspecting the oral cavity, throat, and neck for any abnormalities.
- Imaging tests: CT scans, MRI scans, and PET scans are commonly used to visualize the tumours and determine its size and location.
- Biopsy: A tissue sample is taken from the tumours for examination under a microscope to confirm whether it is benign or malignant.
Treatment Options for Head and Neck Tumours
Treatment for head and neck tumours depends on several factors, including the tumor’s type, size, location, and stage, as well as the patient’s overall health. Treatment plans are personalized based on individual patient needs and may involve a combination of these therapies. Treatment options may include:
- Surgery: Surgical removal of the tumor is often recommended for localized tumours that have not spread to other parts of the body.
- Radiation therapy: High-energy rays are used to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors.
- Chemotherapy: Drugs are used to kill cancer cells or stop them from growing.
- Targeted therapy: Drugs or other substances are used to attack specific cancer cells without harming normal cells.
Recovery and Rehabilitation
- Pain management: Medications are prescribed to alleviate pain and discomfort.
- Nutritional support: Patients may require feeding tubes or dietary modifications to ensure adequate nutrition during recovery.
- Speech and swallowing therapy: Rehabilitation specialists help patients regain normal speech and swallowing function, especially after surgery involving the throat or mouth.
What are Cysts in the Head and Neck?
Cysts are sac-like structures that can develop in various tissues of the head and neck, such as the skin, salivary glands, thyroid gland, and lymph nodes. They are typically filled with fluid, pus, or other materials and may vary in size from small to large. Cysts can be benign (non-cancerous) and generally do not spread to other parts of the body.
Symptoms of Head and Neck Cysts
Symptoms of head and neck cysts depend on their location and size. Common symptoms include a visible or palpable lump, which can be a noticeable bump or swelling under the skin or inside the mouth. Depending on the cyst’s location, it may cause pain or tenderness, especially if it presses on nearby structures or becomes infected. Inflamed cysts may appear red and feel warm to the touch. Larger cysts in the throat or neck can lead to difficulty swallowing or breathing due to compression of the airway or esophagus.
Causes of Head and Neck Cysts
The causes of head and neck cysts vary depending on their location. Epidermoid cysts, for example, often develop from blocked hair follicles or trauma to the skin. Thyroglossal duct cysts form from remnants of the thyroglossal duct during embryonic development, while branchial cleft cysts result from developmental abnormalities in the branchial arches. Salivary gland cysts typically arise due to blocked salivary ducts or infections. Understanding the underlying cause helps determine the most effective treatment approach tailored to the specific type of cyst.
Diagnosis of Head and Neck Cysts
Diagnosing head and neck cysts typically involves a combination of methods. A physical examination by a healthcare provider allows them to assess the size, location, and characteristics of the cyst. Imaging tests such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI may be used to visualize the cyst and its relationship to nearby structures, aiding in diagnosis and treatment planning. In some cases, a fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy may be performed, where a small needle is used to withdraw fluid or tissue from the cyst for laboratory analysis to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment Options for Head and Neck Cysts
Treatment for head and neck cysts depends on several factors, including the cyst’s size, location, symptoms, and whether it is infected. For small, asymptomatic cysts, observation with periodic monitoring may be sufficient. If the cyst is infected or causing discomfort, drainage using a needle and syringe may be performed under medical supervision. Surgical excision, involving complete removal of the cyst and its surrounding tissue, may be necessary for large or recurrent cysts, particularly if they are causing symptoms or cosmetic concerns. In cases of infection, antibiotics may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and prevent recurrence.
Recovery and Rehabilitation
Recovery from treatment for head and neck cysts varies depending on the type and extent of the procedure. Following surgical excision or drainage, patients may experience mild discomfort or pain, which can usually be managed with pain medications prescribed by their healthcare provider. Proper wound care is essential to prevent infection and promote healing of the surgical incision or drainage site. Patients are typically scheduled for follow-up appointments to monitor healing progress and assess for any signs of recurrence or complications. With appropriate treatment and diligent follow-up care, most patients recover well from head and neck cysts, achieving complete resolution of symptoms and improved quality of life.
Tumours & Cyst Case Studies
Tongue Tie
What is Tongue Tie?
Tongue tie refers to a condition where the lingual frenulum, the band of tissue that attaches the tongue to the floor of the mouth, is unusually short, thick, or tight. This restricts the tongue’s range of motion, affecting functions such as speaking, eating, swallowing, and in infants, breastfeeding. The severity of tongue tie varies, with some cases causing minimal impairment while others significantly hinder normal tongue movement.
What are the Symptoms of Tongue Tie?
Symptoms of tongue tie can manifest differently depending on the individual and the severity of the condition. Common symptoms include difficulty sticking out the tongue beyond the lower front teeth, inability to lift the tongue to the upper teeth or roof of the mouth, and a heart-shaped or notched appearance of the tongue tip when extended. Infants with tongue tie may experience breastfeeding challenges such as difficulty latching, poor milk transfer leading to inadequate weight gain, and maternal nipple pain or damage.
What Causes Tongue Tie?
Tongue tie is a congenital condition that occurs during fetal development when the lingual frenulum fails to properly separate, resulting in an abnormally short or thick band of tissue. The exact cause is not always clear, but genetic factors and certain environmental influences may play a role in its development.
How is Tongue Tie Diagnosed?
Diagnosing tongue tie involves a physical examination by a healthcare provider, typically an Oral Surgeon or ENT specialist or a pediatric dentist. The evaluation includes assessing the appearance and mobility of the tongue, particularly its ability to extend and move freely. In infants, the healthcare provider will also evaluate breastfeeding difficulties and the impact of tongue tie on maternal and infant feeding dynamics.
What are the Treatment Options for Tongue Tie?
Treatment for tongue tie depends on the severity of symptoms and functional impairment. Treatment decisions are based on individual assessment and consultation with healthcare providers to determine the most suitable approach for each patient. Options include:
- Frenotomy: A simple and quick procedure where the lingual frenulum is clipped or cut with sterile scissors or a laser. This releases the tethering and allows for improved tongue movement.
- Frenuloplasty: A more involved surgical procedure performed under local or general anesthesia. It involves reshaping or lengthening the lingual frenulum to enhance tongue mobility, particularly in cases where the frenulum is thick or extends far along the underside of the tongue.
- Myofunctional Therapy: Although myofunctional treatment is not a surgical method, it is often recommended in conjunction with or instead of surgery. The goal of this therapy’s exercises and techniques is to improve tongue function and mobility. To optimize outcomes and address underlying muscle issues, it may be advised either before or after surgery.
Cost Variations
The cost of tongue-tie surgery in India can vary significantly, typically falling between ₹25,000 and ₹70,000.
How Tongue Tie Affects Adults Differently
A tongue knot may restrict the tongue’s range of motion, affecting different facets of daily living. Pronunciation, articulation, and general communication can all be challenging for adults with tongue knots. This could impair swallowing and chewing, causing problems with digestion and nutrition. Tooth ties can lead to misalignment of teeth and a higher chance of cavities, among other dental issues.
What is the Recovery Process Like?
Recovery from a frenotomy is generally quick and straightforward, with minimal discomfort and a short healing period. Babies can often resume breastfeeding immediately after the procedure. Post-operative care may include gentle stretches to prevent reattachment of the frenulum and promote optimal healing. In cases requiring Frenuloplasty, recovery may involve more intensive wound care and pain management, with instructions provided by the healthcare team to ensure proper healing and functional improvement.
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